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Report on Bond of Steel Reinforcing Bars Under Cyclic Loads 1

Report on Bond of Steel Reinforcing Bars Under Cyclic Loads

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Description The transfer of forces across the interface between concrete and steel by bond stresses is of fundamental importance to many aspects of reinforced concrete behavior. Satisfactory bond performance is an essential goal in detailing reinforce-ment in structural components. Many detailing provisions in ACI 318 are aimed at preventing bond failures.Bond stresses in reinforced concrete …

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Guide for Testing Reinforced Concrete Structural Elements under Slowly Applied Simulated Seismic Loads 2

Guide for Testing Reinforced Concrete Structural Elements under Slowly Applied Simulated Seismic Loads

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Description Seismic design practice worldwide is moving toward performance-based design of buildings. This approach aims at producing buildings capable of developing predict-able performance levels to achieve predefined performance objectives when subjected to earthquake ground motions. The performance objectives are met by ensuring the struc-ture and its components achieve target performance levels associated with different states …

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Acceptance Criteria for Moment Frames Based on Structural Testing and Commentary (ACI 374.1-05) 3

Acceptance Criteria for Moment Frames Based on Structural Testing and Commentary (ACI 374.1-05)

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Description For seismic design, ACI 318-11 specifies in Section21.1.1.8 that “a reinforced concrete structural system not satis-fying the requirements of this chapter (Chapter 21) shall be permitted if it is demonstrated by experimental evidence and analysis that the proposed system has strength and toughness equal to or exceeding those provided by a comparable mono-lithic reinforced …

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Service-Life Prediction (ACI 365.1R-00) 4

Service-Life Prediction (ACI 365.1R-00)

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Description Service-life concepts for buildings and structures date back to when early builders found that certain materials and designs lasted longer than others (Davey 1961). Throughout history, service-life predictions of structures, equipment, and other components were generally qualitative and empirical. The understanding of the mechanisms and kinetics of many degradation processes of concrete has formed …

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CRACKS IN A REPAIR (ACI 364.9T-03) 5

CRACKS IN A REPAIR (ACI 364.9T-03)

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Description Concrete repairs can be broadly classified into structural and nonstructural. Structural repairs are designed to participate in carrying load and to protect the underlying concrete and embedded reinforcing steel from deterio-ration and corrosion. Nonstructural repairs are repairs designed for protection and/or aesthetic purposes only. The presence of cracks may adversely affect the load-carrying behavior …

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Use of Hydro demolition for Concrete removal in Unbonded Post-tensioned systems (ACI 364.8T-02(11)) 6

Use of Hydro demolition for Concrete removal in Unbonded Post-tensioned systems (ACI 364.8T-02(11))

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Description Hydro demolition is one of many methods available for concrete removal on horizontal, vertical, and over-head surfaces. This technique uses very high-pressure water (20,000 to 40,000 psi [140 to 280 MPa]) to remove concrete. Hydrodemolition has some advantages over other methods, including speed. Based on available evidence,1,2 it does not cause significant microcracking or …

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Evaluation And Minimization Of Bruising (Microcracking) In Concrete Repair (ACI 364.7T-02(11)) 7

Evaluation And Minimization Of Bruising (Microcracking) In Concrete Repair (ACI 364.7T-02(11))

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Description Bruising (microcracking) induced in a concrete substrate during the concrete removal or surface preparation process prior to repair is detrimental to the bond between the repair material and the substrate. Preventing or minimizing bruising and its effect on bond is an important requirement for a successful repair. Concrete repair projects commonly involve the removal …

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Concrete Removal In Repairs Involving Corroded Reinforcing Steel (ACI 364.6T-02(11)) 8

Concrete Removal In Repairs Involving Corroded Reinforcing Steel (ACI 364.6T-02(11))

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Description The performance of a reinforced concrete repair depends significantly on the condition of concrete in the reinforcement vicinity and on the quality of (re-)encapsulation. The extent of concrete removal prior to repair must be adjusted in accordance with the degree of contamination and the nature of distresses affecting the member or structure. When a …

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Importance of modulus of elasticity In surface repair materials (ACI 364.5T-10) 9

Importance of modulus of elasticity In surface repair materials (ACI 364.5T-10)

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Description Concrete repairs may be broadly classified as structural (load-carrying) and nonstructural (protective and/or cosmetic). The load-carrying capacity and stress distribution must be considered in the case of structural repairs where replacement of deteriorated load-bearing concrete is required. The repair material may be subjected to tension, compression, and/or shear forces. Yet, even with equivalent or …

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Determining the Load Capacity of a Structure When As-Built Drawings Are Unavailable (ACI 364.4T-10) 10

Determining the Load Capacity of a Structure When As-Built Drawings Are Unavailable (ACI 364.4T-10)

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Description In cases where a structural evaluation is to be performed, knowledge of member sizes, reinforcing details, and material properties is generally required. In cases where this information is not readily available through drawing document records, it should still be obtained. For most buildings, bridges, and structures governed by a building code or similar design …

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Treatment of Exposed Epoxy-Coated Reinforcement in Repair (ACI 364.3T-10) 11

Treatment of Exposed Epoxy-Coated Reinforcement in Repair (ACI 364.3T-10)

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Description When epoxy-coated steel reinforcement is exposed in a repair area, the exposed reinforcement requires treatment prior to repair material placement During concrete removal and preparation of the repair area, the epoxy coating on the bars within the repair will be damaged, may already have defects or, as part of the repair procedure, be completely …

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Guide for Cementitious Repair Material Data Sheet (ACI 364.3R-09) 12

Guide for Cementitious Repair Material Data Sheet (ACI 364.3R-09)

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Description cementitious material—for the purposes of this guide, cementitious material is defined as that fraction of the repair material passing a No. 170 mesh (90 μm) sieve per ASTME11, and mortar is defined as a material consisting of a cementitious binder with the only aggregate being fine aggregate, according to ASTM C33/C33M. No recognized method …

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Increasing shear capacity within existing reinforced concrete structures (ACI 364.2T-08) 13

Increasing shear capacity within existing reinforced concrete structures (ACI 364.2T-08)

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Description Rehabilitation projects often involve the need to increase the load-carrying capacity of members within existing concrete structures that are deficient due to increased load demand associated with change of use, deficiencies in the original design or construction, or deterioration. Such strengthening often includes increasing shear capacity. Shear strengthening may also be necessary when a …

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Guide for Evaluation of Concrete Structures before Rehabilitation 14

Guide for Evaluation of Concrete Structures before Rehabilitation

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Description This report outlines procedures for the evaluation of concrete structures before rehabilitation; however, it may also be useful for evaluation of structures even if rehabilitation is not contemplated. These procedures are intended to be used as a guide to assist the architect/engineer responsible for the evaluation. The evaluation work is generally performed for one …

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Guide to Quality Control and Assurance of High-Strength Concrete 15

Guide to Quality Control and Assurance of High-Strength Concrete

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Description The cement and concrete industry’s interest in high-strength concrete prompted the American Concrete Institute to form ACI Committee 363 in 1979. The mission of the committee was to study and report information on high-strength concrete (HSC). HSC is considered one type of high-performance concrete (HPC) that is most often specified for enhanced strength characteristics, …

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Guide for Structural Maintenance of Parking Structures (ACI 362.2R-00) 16

Guide for Structural Maintenance of Parking Structures (ACI 362.2R-00)

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Description All parking structures require regular maintenance to pro-vide a satisfactory level of service and meet service-life expectations without premature deterioration, undue repair expense, interrupted service, inconvenience to patrons, or loss of cash flow. Parking structures can develop more dis-tress and deterioration than most types of buildings because of their direct exposure to traffic, weather, …

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Guide for the Design and Construction of Durable Concrete Parking Structures (ACI 362.1R-12) 17

Guide for the Design and Construction of Durable Concrete Parking Structures (ACI 362.1R-12)

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Description This guide addresses the design and construction of durable concrete parking structures. Parking structures are different from other concrete buildings due to their:a) Reduced roofing, cladding, and climate control that result in a more severe direct or indirect exposure to rain, snow, sunlight, temperature variations, and airborne chloridesb) Vehicular occupancy that imposes heavy moving …

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Guide for Design and Construction of Waterfront and Coastal Concrete Marine Structures 18

Guide for Design and Construction of Waterfront and Coastal Concrete Marine Structures

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Description The use of properly designed, durable, and sustainable concrete is an economical approach to the design of marine structures. Except for some criteria in ACI 357R and special-ized criteria in other ACI guides on durability, there are no comprehensive guidelines or standards that cover the appli-cation of concrete in the marine environment for coastal …

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Report on Floating and Float-In Concrete Structures 19

Report on Floating and Float-In Concrete Structures

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Description Prestressed or reinforced concrete structures are used as either permanently floating structures or temporary float-instructures to facilitate marine construction. In this report, the definition of a floating structure is a structure that is temporarily, intermittently, or continuously afloat. For those floating structures that have a bow or stern, the bow or stern may be …

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Qualification of Post-Installed Adhesive Anchors in Concrete (ACI 355.4M-11) 20

Qualification of Post-Installed Adhesive Anchors in Concrete (ACI 355.4M-11)

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Description This standard prescribes testing and evaluation requirements for post-installed adhesive anchor systems intended for use in concrete under the provisions of ACI 318M. Criteria are separately prescribed to determine the suitability of adhesive anchors used in un cracked concrete only, or in both cracked and un cracked concrete. Criteria are prescribed to determine the …

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