The one-way slab is a slab, which is supported by parallel walls or beams, and whose length to breadth ratio is equal to or greater than two and it bends in only one direction (spanning direction) while it is transferring the loads to the two supporting walls or beams, because of its geometry.
RIGOROUS ONE-WAY SOLID RC SLAB DESIGN to BS 8110:1997 Read More »
SPREADSHEETS FOR CONCRETE DESIGN TO BS 8110 and EC2 User Guide to Excel spreadsheet files for contemporary reinforced concrete design to BS 8110: Part 1, 1997 and EC2 (ENV 1992) with commentary C H Goodchild BSc, CEng, MCIOB, MIStructE R M Webster CEng, FIStructE NB This version of the User Guide may have been superseded
Spreadsheets for RC Design to BS 8110 and EC2 Read More »
The general steps for analysing a determinate frame are: Use equilibrium to find all reaction forces. Split the frame into separate members. Any point load or moment which acts directly on a joint between two or more members must be placed on only ONE of the members when they are split up.
SUBFRAME ANALYSIS to BS8110:1997 Read More »
Axial tension force can be defined as the force acting on a body in its axial direction. It’s a pulling force that will cause the body to elongate linearly in the positive direction causing a change in its dimension. Axial–Flexual Response of Cross-Sections The actual bending in a flexural member is about a single axis, defined earlier
BENDING AND AXIAL FORCE to BS 8110:1997 Read More »
he elements of design are the fundamental aspects of any visual design which include shape, color, space, form, line, value, and texture. Graphic designers use the elements of design to create an image that can convey a certain mood, draw the eye in a certain direction, or evoke a number of feelings.
ELEMENT DESIGN to BS 8110:1997 Read More »
Wind speed is normally measured by a cup anemometer consisting of three or four cups, conical or hemispherical in shape, mounted symmetrically about a vertical spindle. The wind blowing into the cups causes the spindle to rotate. … Calibration corrections are applied to the measured wind speed.
Wind Loading Calculations 2 Read More »
Wind speed is normally measured by a cup anemometer consisting of three or four cups, conical or hemispherical in shape, mounted symmetrically about a vertical spindle. The wind blowing into the cups causes the spindle to rotate. … Calibration corrections are applied to the measured wind speed.
Wind Loading Calculations Read More »
The prestress loss due to elastic shortening in pretensioned members is taken as the concrete stress at the centroid of the prestressing steel at transfer, f cgp, multiplied by the ratio of the modulus of elasticities of the prestressing steel and the concrete at transfer.
CALCULATING FRICTION AND ANCHOR SET LOSSES IN POST-TENSIONED TENDONS Read More »
Liquid retaining structures are to be designed for hydrostatic pressure force, active earth pressure, wind force, seismic force, in addition to self-weight and imposed load. Being more vulnerable to corrosion problem, they have stringent requirements against serviceability limit state of crack.
Liquid Retaining Reinforced Concrete Section to BS 8007& BS 8110 Read More »
A stair flight is a The simplest type of staircase consists of an inclined, reinforced concrete slab. It is supported at its ends by beams, and steps are formed on its upper surface. … The units become monolithic through the action of the reinforcing steel and site cast concrete of the column.
REINFORCED CONCRETE STAIRCASES to BS 8110:1997 Read More »
A stair flight is a run of stairs or steps between landings. A staircase or stairway is one or more flights of stairs leading from one floor to another, and includes landings, newel posts, handrails, balustrades and additional parts. Flight. It is a continuous series of steps in one direction,, separated by horizontal platforms or winders. Landing.
STAIR FLIGHTS AND LANDINGS to BS 8110:1997 Read More »
The two-way slab is a slab which is generally supported on all sides of walls or beams, and whose length to breadth ratio is less than two and it twists or bends in both direction while transferring the loads to the walls or beams.
2-WAY SPANNING INSITU CONCRETE SLABS to BS 8110:1997 (Table 3.14) Read More »
One-way slab is a type of concrete slab in which loads are transferred in one direction to the supporting beams and columns. Therefore, the bending occurs in only one direction. The design of one-way slab is simple and can be carried out easily.
1-WAY SOLID CONCRETE SLAB DESIGN to BS 8110:1997 Table 3.12 Read More »
A Ribbed Slab gives considerable extra strength in one direction while a waffle slab gives added strength in both directions. And this is possible only in monolithically cast concrete which is the two-way grid of beams. In comparison to the solid slab, the span limits of ribbed slabs are considerably longer.
RIBBED SLABS to BS 8110:1997 (Analysis & Design) Read More »
A Ribbed Slab gives considerable extra strength in one direction while a waffle slab gives added strength in both directions. And this is possible only in monolithically cast concrete which is the two-way grid of beams. In comparison to the solid slab, the span limits of ribbed slabs are considerably longer.
RIBBED SLAB DESIGN to BS 8110:1997 using table 3.12 coefficients Read More »
Section properties involve the mathematical properties of structural shapes. They are of great use in structural analysis and design. Note that these properties have nothing to do with the strength of the material, but are based solely on the shape of the section. It explains why some shapes are more efficient at supporting loads than others. These
PROPERTIES OF SECTION DESCRIBED BY NODES COORDINATES Read More »
Reinforced masonry is a form of composite construction where the masonry units resist compressive stress and internal reinforcement resists tensile stress developing primarily from flexure and shear actions. … Masonry walls may be fully grouted with all internal spaces filled.
REINFORCED MASONRY WALL PANEL TO BS 5628 Read More »
Pad foundations are a form of spread foundation formed by rectangular, square, or sometimes circular concrete ‘pads’ that support localized single-point loads such as structural columns, groups of columns or framed structures. … Pad foundations can also be used to support ground beams. Pad foundations are used to support an individual point load such as that due
PAD FOUNDATION DESIGN to BS 81101997 Read More »
Introduction. Crack width calculation is one of the serviceability requirements in the structural concrete elements. … The crack width of a flexural member is obtained by multiplying the maximum crack spacing by the mean strain of the flexural steel reinforcement.
Crack Width Calculations to BS8110: 1997/ BS8007:1987 Read More »
Beam design can be done for different codes depending on specific requirements. Before designing a beam, first, we need to find the bending moments and shear forces of the beam section through an analysis. BS 8110 part 01 is one of the most commonly used standards, and the method expressed in the code can be
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