Modulus of Subgrade Reaction of Soil (Bowles Approach and Basic Approach)

In simple, Modulus of subgrade reaction is a measure of the ground’s ability to resist immediate elastic deformation under load. It is defined as the pressure needed to deform the subgrade by a given unit distance. SI expression is megapascals per metre (MPa/m), and that is the unit used here. Americans use pounds per cubic inch (pci).