Setback distance m or the clearance distance is the distance required from the centerline of a horizontal curve to an obstruction on the inner side of the curve to provide adequate sight distance at a horizontal curve.
Set Back Distance (m) on Horizontal Curves Read More »
A horizontal curve provides a transition between two tangent strips of roadway, allowing a vehicle to negotiate a turn at a gradual rate rather than a sharp cut. The design of the curve is dependent on the intended design speed for the roadway, as well as other factors including drainage and friction.
HORIZONTAL CURVE DETAIL Read More »
The horizontal alignment is the route of the road, defined geometrically as a series of horizontal tangents (straight roadway sections), circular curves, and spiral transitions. It shows the proposed roadway location in relation to the existing terrain and adjacent land conditions.
IRC Horizontal Geometry Design for Urban Roads Read More »
A development length can be defined as the amount of reinforcement(bar) length needed to be embedded or projected into the column to establish the desired bond strength between the concrete and steel (or any other two types of material)
Bars Lengths And Development Length Read More »
Wind analysis can include but is not limited to evaluating comfort, wind loading on structures, as well as pollution, and natural ventilation. Below, further explanation and real-life wind evaluations and wind simulations will be discussed. Definition. Emporis defines a low-rise as “an enclosed structure below 35 metres [115 feet] which is divided into regular floor levels“.
Wind Analysis for Low-rise Building, Based on ASCE 7-05 / IBC 2009 / CBC 2010 Read More »
Depending on their function, piles are classified as bearing piles, friction piles, friction-cum-bearing piles, batter piles, guide piles, and sheet piles. Based on the composition of materials, piles are classified as timber piles, concrete piles, sand piles, or steel piles.
Pile Cap Design for 3-Piles Pattern Based on ACI 318-08 Read More »
Bar bending schedule or schedule of bars is a tabular representation of reinforcement bar. It is generally represented for each type of R.C.C work. … Bar bending schedule generally describes the particulars of bars, shape of bending with sketches and total length and weight of the bars along with their numbers.
The components are subjected to forces, which are not static, but vary in magnitude with respect to time. The stresses induced due to such forces are called Fluctuating Stresses. The most popular model for stress–time relationship is the sine curve.
ACI Design for Flucture Read More »
Transverse reinforcement in beams is provided mainly to resist the shear forces or forces which act in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of reinforced concrete beams. … In a reinforced concrete structure both steel and concrete take part actively in resisting the shear force.
TRANSVERSE RFT. FOR SOLID SEC.SUBJECT TO Vu&Tu Read More »
Reinforced concrete (RC), also called reinforced cement concrete (RCC), is a composite material in which concrete’s relatively low tensile strength and ductility are compensated for by the inclusion of reinforcement having higher tensile strength or ductility.
Design of RC Sections (According to ACI 2005) (By PMS, Cairo, Egypt) Read More »
Reinforced concrete (RC), also called reinforced cement concrete (RCC), is a composite material in which concrete’s relatively low tensile strength and ductility are compensated for by the inclusion of reinforcement having higher tensile strength or ductility.
Design of RC Sections (According to ACI 2002) (By PMS, Cairo, Egypt) Read More »
Punching shear is a type of failure of reinforced concrete slabs subjected to high localized forces. In flat slab structures this occurs at column support points. The failure is due to shear. This type of failure is catastrophic because no visible signs are shown prior to failure.
DESIGN SLABS FOR PUNCHING SHEAR AT INTERNAL SQUARE COLUMNS Read More »
The bending moment at a section through a structural element may be defined as the sum of the moments about that section of all external forces acting to one side of that section.
DESIGN OF SECTIONS UNDER BENDING MOMENT Read More »
Wind pressure is given by the equation P = 0.00256 x V2, where V is the speed of the wind in miles per hour (mph). The unit for wind pressure is pounds per square foot (psf). For example, if the wind speed is 70 mph, the wind pressure is 0.00256 x 702 = 12.5 psf.
Wind Intensity Calculation Read More »
Tower Bolt is a rod-shaped bolt for fastening a door or the like, attached to one side of the door at the edge and sliding into a cylindrical casing on the frame of the opening. These may be ferrous or non-ferrous.
Tower Bolt Connection Design Read More »
Calculate the filled volume of a horizontal cylinder tank by first finding the area, A, of a circular segment and multiplying it by the length, l. Area of the circular segment, the grey shaded area, is A = (1/2)r2(θ – sinθ) where θ = 2*arccos(m/r) and θ is in radians.
TANK DESIGN CALCULATIONS Read More »
A reinforced concrete slab is a crucial structural element and is used to provide flat surfaces(floors and ceilings) in buildings. On the basis of reinforcement provided, beam support, and the ratio of the spans, slabs are generally classified into one-way slab and two-way slab.
Slab reinforcement using SAP output Read More »
Design load for formwork are dead load plus live load per square metre of form contact area. The dead load is defined as the weight of the reinforced concrete plus the weight of the formwork.
Design Load on Formwork Read More »
The AASHTO LRFD Bridge Design Specifications are intended for use in the design, evaluation, and rehabilitation of bridges. The specifications employ the Load and Resistance Factor Design (LRFD) methodology, using factors developed from current statistical knowledge of loads and structural performance
AASHTO-LRFD 2004 – CONCRETE SLAB & WALL DESIGN Read More »
Thickness of concrete slab depends on loads and size of the slab. In general, 6 inch (150mm) slab thickness is considered for residential and commercial buildings with reinforcement details as per design. Methods used for finding slab thickness varies for different types of slabs.
Slab depth determination from serviceability limit Read More »
