A movement joint, also known as an expansion joint, is a dynamic component that is designed to relieve or absorb movement between structural elements and help prevent cracking. . They are intended to prevent potentially damaging forces accumulating within the slab itself or surrounding structures.
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Interpolation is a statistical method by which related known values are used to estimate an unknown price or potential yield of a security. Interpolation is achieved by using other established values that are located in sequence with the unknown value. Interpolation is at root a simple mathematical concept.
A line of influence a graph showing the variation of the longitudinal stress, shear, bending moment, or other effect upon a structural member due to a moving load as a function of the position of that load.
INFLUENCE LINES IN CONTINUOUS BEAMS Read More »
A horizontal curve provides a transition between two tangent strips of roadway, allowing a vehicle to negotiate a turn at a gradual rate rather than a sharp cut. The design of the curve is dependent on the intended design speed for the roadway, as well as other factors including drainage and friction
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In many groundwater transport models, solute transport is described by the advection-dispersion-reaction equation. As shown below (Equation 1), the ADR equation describes the change in dissolved solute concentration (C) over time (t) where groundwater flow is oriented along the x direction.
Finite Difference Solution to Advection-Dispersion Equation Read More »
Early-age thermal cracking occurs when the tensile strain, arising from either restrained thermal contraction or a temperature differential, exceeds the tensile strain capacity of the concrete. In high strength concretes autogenous shrinkage may also contribute to early contraction. DESIGN PHILOSOPHY It is proposed to minimise the number of movement joints in the structures by designing the
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A development length can be defined as the amount of reinforcement(bar) length needed to be embedded or projected into the column to establish the desired bond strength between the concrete and steel (or any other two types of material)
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Crack width calculation is one of the serviceability requirements in the structural concrete elements. … The crack width of a flexural member is obtained by multiplying the maximum crack spacing by the mean strain of the flexural steel reinforcement
Crack Width Calculation Read More »
Meeting Point Program5 Print “Meeting Point”10 Input ” Y1″;A,”X1″,B,”Y2″,C,”X2″,D20 Input ” Y3″;E,”X3″,F,”Y4″,G,”X4″,H30 I=(C-A)/(D-B):J=(G-E)/(H-F)40 P=A-IxB:Q=E-JxF:N=P-Q50 X=N/(J-I):Y=Q+JxX55 SET F360 Print “ELE=”;Y,”Dist=”;X:SET N65 GOTO 1070 END Super Elevation Program 5 Print “Super-Elevation”10 INPUT “PC-STN=”;A,”O.TR=”;B20 INPUT “PT-STN=”;S,”C.SLOPE=”;D30 INPUT “FULL SE =”;E,”PGL=”;G40 INPUT “REQ STN=”;F,”PGL=”;G42 H=A+B/4:I-B:J=E-D:K=J/B:Y=S-B/445 IF F>H THEN L=H-I:M=K/100xL+D/10048 IF F>YTHEN L=B-(F-Y):M=K/100xL+D/10050 IF FH THEN F=H+D/10070 SET F380 N=G+Mx1.8590
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Program Description: “POLEFDN” is a spreadsheet program written in MS-Excel for the purpose of analysis of a pole foundationassuming the use of a rigid round pier which is assumed free (unrestrained) at the top and subjected to lateraland vertical loads. Specifically, the required embedment depth, the maximum moment and shear, the plainconcrete stresses, and the
POLEFDN — POLE FOUNDATION ANALYSIS PROGRAM Read More »
Designing a pad foundation to BS 8110:2005 involves following the specific design provisions and procedures outlined in the code. Here is a general outline of the design process for a pad foundation based on BS 8110:2005: Determine the design loads: Identify the various loads acting on the foundation, including the dead loads, imposed loads, and
PAD FOUNDATION DESIGN to BS 8110:2005 Read More »
The p-y method is widely used for design of laterally loaded piles. This method replaces the soil reaction with a series of independent nonlinear springs. The p-y curves represent the nonlinear behavior of the soil by relating the soil reaction and pile deflection at points along the pile length
Lateral Load Pile P-Y Method Read More »
Program Description: “FOOTINGS” is a spreadsheet program written in MS-Excel for the purpose of analysis of rigid rectangularspread footings with up to 8 total piers, and for either uniaxial or biaxial resultant eccentricities. Overturningsliding, and uplift stability checks are made when applicable, and resulting gross soil bearing pressures atthe four (4) corners of the footing
FOOTINGS — RECTANGULAR SPREAD FOOTING ANALYSIS Read More »
Punching shear is a phenomenon where a concentrated force on a slab causes a shear failure cone that “punches” through. Punching shear calculations require a demand value and a capacity value. Many hand calculations will consider a punching shear force against a punching shear capacity force.
PUNCHING SHEAR to BS8110:1997 Read More »
The conclusion is that the symmetrical direct shear test is an effective method for the measurement of the plane strain and direct shear angles of friction for sand and the angle of dilation, at the density and stress level tested.
Direct Shear Test on Sand Read More »
All architectural wood columns are custom made to meet your specific commercial and residential job requirements. We can reproduce an existing design from a photo or drawing or work closely with you to create something special for your project. In addition to the column, we can provide your caps and bases as well. Depending on
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