A Ribbed Slab gives considerable extra strength in one direction while a waffle slab gives added strength in both directions. And this is possible only in monolithically cast concrete which is the two-way grid of beams. In comparison to the solid slab, the span limits of ribbed slabs are considerably longer.
RIBBED SLABS to EN 1992-1: 2004 Read More »
The one-way slab is a slab, which is supported by parallel walls or beams, and whose length to breadth ratio is equal to or greater than two and it bends in only one direction (spanning direction) while it is transferring the loads to the two supporting walls or beams, because of its geometry.
RIGOROUS ONE-WAY SOLID RC SLAB DESIGN to EN 1992-1 : 2004 Read More »
The one-way slab is a slab, which is supported by parallel walls or beams, and whose length to breadth ratio is equal to or greater than two and it bends in only one direction (spanning direction) while it is transferring the loads to the two supporting walls or beams, because of its geometry.
ONE-WAY SOLID RC SLAB DESIGN to EN 1992-1: 2004 Read More »
SUBFRAME ANALYSIS The general steps for analysing a determinate frame are: Use equilibrium to find all reaction forces. Split the frame into separate members. Any point load or moment which acts directly on a joint between two or more members must be placed on only ONE of the members when they are split up.
SUBFRAME ANALYSIS to EN 1992-1 : 2004 Read More »
The axial resistivity, Ri, is a measure of the Ohmic resistance of the intracellular medium of a neuronal process (e.g., axon or dendrite). Ri is defined as the resistance of the medium contained within a fixed-radius cylinder of unit length and unit cross-sectional area, measured between the flat ends of the cylinder.
RESISTANCE of AXIALY LOADED WALLS/SLABS to BSEN 1992-1 & 3 Read More »
Introduction. Crack width calculation is one of the serviceability requirements in the structural concrete elements. … The crack width of a flexural member is obtained by multiplying the maximum crack spacing by the mean strain of the flexural steel reinforcement.
FLEXURAL CRACK WIDTH CALCULATION to BS EN 1992-1 : 2004 Read More »
Punching shear is a phenomenon where a concentrated force on a slab causes a shear failure cone that “punches” through. Punching shear calculations require a demand value and a capacity value. Many hand calculations will consider a punching shear force against a punching shear capacity force.
PUNCHING SHEAR to BS EN 1992-1: 2004 Read More »
Axial tension force can be defined as the force acting on a body in its axial direction. It’s a pulling force that will cause the body to elongate linearly in the positive direction causing a change in its dimension. Axial–Flexual Response of Cross-Sections The actual bending in a flexural member is about a single axis, defined earlier
BENDING AND AXIAL FORCE to EN 1992-1 : 2003 Read More »
CONTINUOUS CONCRETE BEAM are structural elements that support loads applied transversely to the beam axis, which produce a combination of shear and bending stresses. Concrete beams are usually continuous, this is, they span between multiple supports acting structurally as a single element.
CONTINUOUS CONCRETE BEAM DESIGN to BS 8110:2005 Table 3.5 Read More »
To design a two-way spanning in-situ concrete slab using Table 3.14 of BS 8110:2005, you will need the following information: Loadings: Determine the imposed load, dead load, and any other relevant loadings acting on the slab. These loads will depend on the specific project and its requirements. Span dimensions: Determine the span dimensions of the
2-WAY SPANNING INSITU CONCRETE SLABS to BS 8110:2005 (Table 3.14) Read More »
A SIMPLIFIED FLAT SLAB DESIGN is a two-A flat slab is a two-way reinforced concrete slab that usually does not have beams and girders, and the loads are transferred directly to the supporting concrete columns.
SIMPLIFIED FLAT SLAB DESIGN to BS 8110:2005 Cl 3.7.2.7 (Table 3.12) Read More »
A Ribbed Slab gives considerable extra strength in one direction while a waffle slab gives added strength in both directions. And this is possible only in monolithically cast concrete which is the two-way grid of beams. In comparison to the solid slab, the span limits of ribbed slabs are considerably longer.
RIBBED SLAB DESIGN to BS 8110:2005 using table 3.12 coefficients Read More »
One-way slab is a type of concrete slab in which loads are transferred in one direction to the supporting beams and columns. Therefore, the bending occurs in only one direction. The design of one-way slab is simple and can be carried out easily.
1-WAY SOLID CONCRETE SLAB DESIGN to BS 8110:2005 Table 3.12 Read More »
A stair flight is a The simplest type of staircase consists of an inclined, reinforced concrete slab. It is supported at its ends by beams, and steps are formed on its upper surface. … The units become monolithic through the action of the reinforcing steel and site cast concrete of the column.
REINFORCED CONCRETE STAIRCASES to BS 8110:2005 Read More »
A stair flight is a run of stairs or steps between landings. A staircase or stairway is one or more flights of stairs leading from one floor to another, and includes landings, newel posts, handrails, balustrades and additional parts. Flight. It is a continuous series of steps in one direction,, separated by horizontal platforms or winders. Landing.
STAIR FLIGHTS AND LANDINGS to BS 8110:2005 Read More »
A retaining wall is a structure designed and constructed to resist the lateral pressure of soil, when there is a desired change in ground elevation that exceeds the angle of repose of the soil.
RETAINING WALL design to BS 8110:2005 Read More »
A basement wall is thus one kind of retaining wall. But the term usually refers to a cantilever retaining wall, which is a freestanding structure without lateral support at its top. These are cantilevered from a footing and rise above the grade on one side to retain a higher level grade on the opposite side.
Basement wall design to BS8110:2005 Read More »
Circular Column: Circular columns are mostly used in piling and elevation of the buildings for aesthetic purposes. In a circular column, more than 4 longitudinal steel bars are used as a reinforcement bar and its bending resistance is generally higher than the square or rectangular column.
COLUMN CHART FOR CIRCULAR COLUMNS TO BS 8110:2005 Read More »
Introduction Eccentrically loaded reinforced concrete columns are commonly exist in practice due to the existence of some bending moments. The eccentricity of the supported beams as well as the unavoidable imperfections of construction are the main sources of the developed bending moments in the columns under gravity loads. In addition, lateral loads due to wind
SYMMETRICALLY REINFORCED RECTANGULAR COLUMN DESIGN, BENT ABOUT TWO AXES TO BS 8110:2005 Read More »
A column chart is a data visualization where each category is represented by a rectangle, with the height of the rectangle being proportional to the values being plotted. Column charts are also known as vertical bar charts Column charts are useful for showing data changes over a period of time or for illustrating comparisons among items. In
