One of the most common new methods is what is called Rebound Hammer Test. This method required a tool that uses a spring release to drive a plunger-tipped hammer down into the concrete that is being tested. The distance the hammer is rebounded is measured and assigned a score between 10 and 100.
Concrete Strength Compliance Check Read More »
Composite columns are a combination of two traditional structural forms: structural steel and structural concrete. As composite columns were generally developed after steel columns and reinforced concrete columns, their design approach could have been based on either steel or concrete design methods.
Design of Composite Columns to EC4 Read More »
consider 150mm offset from the pile and space between piles as 2.5 times pile diameter. Effective depth, d = 1000-50-20/2 = 940 mm > 750mm; (2.5×600/2) Ok. The critical section of the pile shall be considered as 20% of the diameter of the pile inside of the face of the pile.
The width of the foundation is less than the width of the column and structure, and it is spread out over a vast area of the foundation to safely transfer the column and structure weight to the soil beneath the foundation.
Design Spread Footing Read More »
The two-way slab is a slab which is generally supported on all sides of walls or beams, and whose length to breadth ratio is less than two and it twists or bends in both direction while transferring the loads to the walls or beams.
Design Two-way Slabs (Method 3 of E.I.T.) Read More »
Therefore, a beam reinforced with tension steel and compression steel is called a doubly reinforced concrete beam. The moment of resistance of a doubly reinforced concrete beam is greater than that of a singly reinforced concrete beam for the same cross-section, steel grade, and concrete.
Design Doubly Reinforcement Rectangular Beam Read More »
Pile caps are constructed to hold the pile and superstructure together at the ground level or below the ground level while transferring loads of the superstructure to the foundation.
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Enter the information given in the statement of the example, which are the loads and the materials. In this example the analysis of the structure provided the reactions per load case, as shown in the statement above. Note that all loads are applied at the top of a 3-ft high pedestal, which will create an
Design 3-Pile Cap Footing Read More »
Pile caps are constructed to hold the pile and superstructure together at the ground level or below the ground level while transferring loads of the superstructure to the foundation. Pile caps can be designed using the truss analogy or using the bending theories.
Design 2-Pile Cap Footing Read More »
The slab is commonly divided into trapezoidal and triangular areas by drawing lines from each corner of the rectangle at 45 degrees. The beam’s distributed load is computed by multiplying the segment area (trapezoidal or triangular area) by the slab’s unit load divided by the beam length.
CALCULATION OF LOADING TRANSFER TO BEAM Read More »
The function of anchor bolts is to transfer loads to the masonry from attachments such as ledgers, sills, and bearing plates. Both shear and tension are transferred through anchor bolts to resist design forces such as uplift due to wind at the top of a column or wall or vertical gravity loads on ledgers supporting
Design for Anchor Bolts in Moment Condition Read More »
The bearing deformation limit state is based on a maximum bearing stress (a constant times Fu) times the projected area of the contact surface normal to the direction of force. The area is shown in Figure 3.6. 1(a) and equals the actual diameter of the bolt times the thickness of the plate.
Capacity of Bolts in Bearing Connection Based on AISC-ASD 9th Edition Read More »
You are required to design a WF section steel column W12x106 (d=12.89 in and b-12.22 in.) at the first floor and its base plate. Assume that the column is only subject axial load and sits on an independent isolated concrete footing. The dead load on the column P, 320 Kips, live lad P =580, and
WF Base Plate Design Based on AISC-ASD 9th Edition Read More »
The direction (shorter side of slab) in which load is transferred is known as span. A one-way slab is designed for the spanning direction alone as it bends in only one direction. The main tension reinforcing bars therefore run parallel (spaced uniformly) to the shorter span and are usually placed at the bottom of slab.
ONE WAY SPANNING SLAB DESIGN TO BS8110 Read More »
Earthquake load takes place due to the inertia force produced in the building because of seismic excitations. Inertia force is varies with the mass. Earthquake load acts over the surface of a structure placed on ground or with adjacent building.
EARTHQUAKE LOAD CALCULATION Read More »
An end plate connection, as shown in Fig. 1, consists solely of a vertical plate shop-welded to the end of the web transverse to the axis of the beam with fillet welds on each side of the web. The field connection is made by bolting the end plate to the flange or web of the supporting
End Plate Moment Connection (Unstiffened, 2 Bolt Columns ) Read More »
Another property used in beam design is section modulus (Z). The section modulus of the cross-sectional shape is of significant importance in designing beams. It is a direct measure of the strength of the beam.
Zee Section Properties & Design Capacities (AISI-1996) Read More »
The web to flange welds carries the shear stresses which act on planes parallel to the longitudinal axis of the beam. … The shear flow is the shear force per unit length (kN/m) to be carried by the web to flange welds.
Web Flange Weld Design Sheet Read More »
Web yielding is the compressive crushing of a beam web caused by the application of a. compressive force to the flange directly above or below the web. This force could be an. end reaction from a support of the type shown in Figure below, or it could be a load. delivered to the top flange by a
Web Yielding / Crippling Design Sheet Read More »
