Hydrodynamic Forces on the Walls of Forebay due to Horizontal Earthquakes
Earthquakes can cause substantial hydrodynamic forces in penstocks and pressure tunnels. Depending on foundation conditions (soil type) and length of a penstock or pressure tunnel the maximum hydrodynamic pressures are up to 1 MPa for a peak ground acceleration of 0.3g.
Hydrodynamic Forces on the Walls of Forebay due to Horizontal Earthquakes Read More »