THREE ORTHOGRAPHIC VIEWS
Most commonly only three orthographic views are drawn for an object namely front view, top view and end view. End view should be drawn from that side which contains greater and important features, that is, in some cases, left end view is drawn while in others right end view is preferred. A perspective view is equivalent to an equation involving x, y and z coordinates to describe a shape. This type of equation is solved by plotting one of the
variables equal to zero each time and getting three two-dimensional equations which may be considered equivalent to the three orthographic views.
Front View
The orthographic view from the front side of the object obtained on any frontal picture plane
is called, a front view. Front view may also be defined as the graphical plotting of height
against length of the object -for all the intersections and surface limits whether visible or
hidden, from the front. Width of any part can never be indicated on this view.
Top View
The orthographic view from top o-f the object obtained on any horizontal plane of
projection is called a top view. It is actually graphical plotting of width against length of the
object for all the intersections and surface limits whether visible or hidden from the top.
Height dimension is always missing in this view and the parts at various heights will appear at
the same level without any difference.
End View
The orthographic view from any side of the object on a profile plane of projection is called end view or side view. With reference to the front side, end view may be the left end view or the right end view. Mathematically, this view may be considered as
graphical plotting of height against width of the object -for all the intersections and
surface limits whether visible or hidden from that side. Length dimension can never be
indicated in an end view.
